MCSE003- SOLVED ASSIGNMENT 2016-17 IGNOU MCA 5th SEM

1.	How does the use of heuristics reduce the search space? Suggest a heuristic function for travelling salesman problem.
2.	Explain the following knowledge representation techniques with suitable example.
(i) Semantic Net         (ii) Rule-Based Representation
3.	(a) Differentiate between an expert system and a conventional system.
(b) Discuss state space     representation for the following:         (i) Traveling Salesman Problem        (ii) Water-Jug Problem,        (iii) Human Cannibal River-Crossing Problem.
4.	(a) Write a recursive function in LISP named partial-factorial that takes two natural numbers m and n as arguments, and then computes the product of all natural numbers between m and n (including m both m and n). It is not necessary that m is less than n.
(b) Write a PROLOG programme that answers questions about family members and relationships. Include predicates and rules which define sister, brother, father, mother, grandfather, grand-child and uncle. The programme should be able to answer queries such as the following: ? – grandfather (X, mohan) ? – grandchild (X, Y) ? – uncle (phillips, mary) ? – mother (ruksana, X)
5.		What are Agents ? Discuss various types of agents with reference to their relevance and significance in expert systems.
6.		(a) Give Frame-Based Representation for the following facts: Ramesh is a 35-year-old Professor of Hindi in Delhi University. The name of his wife, son and daughter are respectively Kavita, Ravi and Sameera.
(b) Give Semantic Net representation (instead of Frame-based representation) of the facts given in part (a) of this question.
7.		(a) Compare backward reasoning and forward reasoning strategies in Artificial Intelligence.
(b) Explain each of the following w.r.t. the discipline of Artificial Intelligence :           (i) Learning           (ii) Understanding          (iii) The Turing Test          (iv) Uncertainty          (v) A.I. problem
8. Write A* algorithm. How is A* algorithm different from AO*? Out of the two which one is better and why? Justify with suitable arguments.

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