QUESTION8- What are the emotional changes that are characteristic of school going children?
ANS- As children enter the school-age years, they begin to show signs of a budding independence. This period of growth is also marked by the active pursuit of, and genuine appreciation for, new relationships. Parents, or primary caregivers, continue to be the most important people in their child's life, but relationships with peers become increasingly important. In fact, the appearance of a "best friend" is considered a universal feature of the school-age years. Other significant, and often defining, characteristics of this phase of development are a child's capacity to control their urges and conform to an appropriate standard of behaviour without direct supervision. Collectively, this is known as Self-regulation.
The theoretical perspective taken toward emotional development in childhood is a combination of functionalist theory and dynamical systems theory1: A child's encounters with an environment can be seen as dynamic transactions that involve multiple emotion-related components (e.g., expressive behaviour, physiological patterning, action tendencies, goals and motives, social and physical contexts, appraisals and experiential feeling) that change over time as the child matures and in response to changing environmental interactions. Emotional development reflects social experience, including the cultural context. Elsewhere I have argued that emotional development should be considered from a bio-ecological framework that regards human beings as dynamic systems embedded within a community context.
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