Q1. (A) Define physiology. List different nutritional components of food and discuss their interrelationship with physiology.

ANS-Physiology is the study of normal function within living creatures. It is a sub-section of biology, covering a range of topics that include organs, anatomy, cells, biological compounds, and how they all interact to make life possible.

Six Basic Nutrients Required for Good Health

·         Carbohydrates. Carbohydrates can be grouped into two categories: simple and complex. ...

·         Protein. Protein from food is broken down into amino acids by the digestive system. ...

·         Fat. The fat in food includes a mixture of saturated and unsaturated fat. ...

·         Vitamins. ...

·         Minerals. ...

·         Water.

Nutrition and food science have each enhanced the development of an abundant, nutritious, safe food supply. A healthy diet should contain all of the required nutrients and sufficient calories to balance energy expenditure and provide for growth and maintenance throughout the life cycle. Importantly, dietary factors are associated with 5 of the 10 leading causes of death, including coronary heart disease, certain types of cancer, stroke, noninsulin dependent diabetes mellitus and atherosclerosis.