(MSCDFSM)

Q1. Explain the following in 2-3 sentences each:

(i) Megaloblastic anaemia

(ii) Functional residual capacity

(iii) Carbon dioxide dissociation curve

(iv) Diabetes insipidus

(v) Homeostasis

ANS-(I) Megaloblastic anemia (or megaloblastic anaemia) is an anemia (of macrocytic classification) that results from inhibition of DNA synthesis during red blood cell production. When DNA synthesis is impaired, the cell cycle cannot progress from the G2 growth stage to the mitosis (M) stage.

(II)- Functional Residual Capacity (FRC) is the volume of air present in the lungs at the end of passive expiration. At FRC, the opposing elastic recoil forces of the lungs and chest wall are in equilibrium and there is no exertion by the diaphragm or other respiratory muscles.

(III)- carbon dioxide carried by the blood and how they interact to form the total CO2 dissociation curve. ... Specify how hemoglobin functions as a hydrogen ion buffer in venous blood, contrasting principles of reduction versus titration.

(iv)- Most people have heard of the two main types of diabetes. But did you know the name has nothing to do with high blood sugar? It's a general term for any condition that causes your body to make a lot of urine.

And that's just what, diabetes insipidus does. This condition makes you extra thirsty. As a result, you pee -- a lot.

(v)- Homeostasis is a key concept in understanding how our body works. It means keeping things constant and comes from two Greek words: 'homeo,' meaning 'similar,' and 'stasis,' meaning 'stable.' A more formal definition of homeostasis is a characteristic of a system that regulates its internal environment and tends to maintain a stable, relatively constant condition of properties.