QUESTION7- Describe Guilford's Structure of Intellect theory.
ANS-Joy Paul Guilford was an American psychologist best remembered for his psychometric study of human intelligence, including the distinction between convergent and divergent production.
Developing the views of L. L. Thurstone, Guilford rejected Charles Spearman's view that intelligence could be characterized in a single numerical parameter. He proposed that three dimensions were necessary for accurate description: operations, content, and products. A Review of General Psychology survey, published in 2002, ranked Guilford as the 27th most cited psychologist of the 20th century.
According to Guilford's Structure of Intellect (SI) theory (1955), an individual's performance on intelligence tests can be traced back to the underlying mental abilities or factors of intelligence. SI theory comprises up to 180 different intellectual abilities organized along three dimensions: operations, content, and products.
The Structure of Intellect Theory advanced by Guilford was applied by Mary N. Meeker for educational purposes.
SI includes six operations or general intellectual processes:
1.Cognition - The ability to understand, comprehend, discover, and become aware of information
2.Memory recording - The ability to encode information
3.Memory retention - The ability to recall information
4.Divergent production - The ability to generate multiple solutions to a problem; creativity
5.Convergent production - The ability to deduce a single solution to a problem; rule-following or problem-solving
6.Evaluation - The ability to judge whether or not information is accurate, consistent, or valid.
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